StorNext Overview

StorNext File System streamlines processes and facilitates faster job completion by enabling multiple business applications to work from a single, consolidated data set. Using SNFS, applications running on different operating systems (Windows, Linux, UNIX, HP-UX, AIX, and macOS X) can simultaneously access and modify files on a common, high-speed SAN storage pool.

This centralized storage solution eliminates slow LAN-based file transfers between workstations and dramatically reduces delays caused by single-client failures. With SNFS, any server can access files and pick up processing requirements of a failed system to continue operations.

This section provides technical information with respect to defragmentation fear, uncertainty, and doubt (FUD).

Overview — History and Baseline

File systems are subject to fragmentation due to unsophisticated disk space allocators, poor application I/O behavior, and "aging" (repeated file creation and deletion).

In addition, defragmentation tools used for making individual files contiguous often lead to free space fragmentation. File systems such as XFS, CXFS, GPFS, ETX3 have all suffered in this respect; it is very common in the industry.

Over time, companies have created their own so-called defrag tools to re-order files in directories to improve I/O performance.

The term defrag has also become overloaded in the industry, namely:

• defrag may refer to making the disk space for an individual file contiguous on disk.
• defrag may refer to making the frames for an image sequence contiguous on disk.
• defrag may refer to making the file system free space contiguous.

How does StorNext respond to fragmentation prevention and defragmentation for repairing?

StorNext responds to file system fragmentation in four ways:

1. StorNext has a file-system configuration option (allocation session reservation) you can use with performance sensitive workflows (prevention).

   Allocation Session Reservations (ASR) is patented technique you can use to automatically allocate contiguous space to files created within the same directory. This goes a long way to prevent fragmentation in the first place. StorNext file systems have ASR enabled by default and do not require configuration or modification to applications in order to benefit from its use, provided that frame files are simply written in the sequence they are expected to be played back. See Allocation Session Reservation (ASR) and How ASR Works for additional details.

2. The StorNext file system file defrag (snfsdefrag) utility allows you to rearrange the extents of existing files.

   The utility allows you to make disk space allocation for a file contiguous on disk. For example, this is useful when an application has written out a single large video file in a non-linear fashion resulting in suboptimal allocation which might lead to "dropped frames" on playback. You can also use the snfsdefrag utility to generate a detailed report of a file’s current disk allocations.

   See snfsdefrag in the StorNext 6 Man Pages Reference Guide for additional details.

3. The Video frame allocation inspector and resequencer (vidiomap) utility allows you to rearrange the on-disk space associated with DPX frames (files) within a directory.

   The utility allows you to make the allocations across files within a directory contiguous on disk. For example, if a directory contains DPX frame files, you can reorder the allocations so that play-out is smooth without any drops. If ASR is enabled and frames are written in order, vidiomap might not be necessary. Even so, there can still be use cases. For example, most "copy" programs read and write files in directory hash order (effectively random) instead of processing files in alphanumeric order. After a sequence of frames has been copied into a file system using such tools, it might be necessary to run vidiomap once before play-out to ensure disk space allocation is contiguous.

   See vidiomap in the StorNext 6 Man Pages Reference Guide for additional details.

4. The CLI command, sgdefrag, allows you to defragment file system free space.

   As mentioned previously, the free space of a file system can become fragmented for multiple reasons. This is unavoidable after a file system has "aged". This makes even the best allocators and tools, such as snfsdefrag and vidiomap ineffective because there simply is no remaining contiguous free space to draw from. To correct this, you can run the sgdefrag command to reallocate and provide free space that is more contiguous.

   See sgdefrag in the StorNext 6 Man Pages Reference Guide for additional details.

StorNext Storage Manager enhances the StorNext solution by reducing the cost of long term data retention, without sacrificing accessibility. SNSM sits on top of SNFS and utilizes intelligent data movers to transparently locate data on multiple tiers of storage. This enables customers to store more files at a lower cost, without having to reconfigure applications to retrieve data from disparate locations. Instead, applications continue to access files normally and SNSM automatically handles data access – regardless of where the file resides. As data movement occurs, SNSM also performs a variety of data protection services to guarantee that data is safeguarded both on site and off site.

StorNext supports LAN clients. Unlike a traditional StorNext SAN client, a LAN client does not connect directly to StorNext via fibre channel or iSCSI, but rather across a LAN through a gateway system called a Gateway Server. The Gateway Server  is itself a directly connected StorNext client, but it processes requests from LAN Clients in addition to running applications.

Any number of LAN Clients can connect to multiple Gateway Servers. StorNext File System supports LAN Client environments in excess of 1000 clients, and should support deployments as large as 5000 clients. File system aggregate throughput is not adversely impacted.

Besides the obvious cost-savings benefit of using LAN Clients, there will be performance improvements as well.

LAN Clients must be licensed in the same way as StorNext SAN clients. When you request your permanent StorNext license, you will need to specify the number of LAN Clients you plan to use. Naturally, you can always purchase additional LAN Client licenses as your needs expand. For more information about StorNext licensing, see Configuration > Licenses.

StorNext provides LAN Client information via the status monitors on the StorNext home page, SNSM home page, and SNFS home page. More detailed information is available through the Clients Report and the LAN Client Performance Report. For more information about StorNext reports, see Reports Menu Overview.

Before you can fully use LAN Clients, you must first configure a Gateway Server and LAN Clients as described in the StorNext Installation Guide.

1. Open a Web browser. For information on browsers supported with the StorNext GUI for this release, refer to the StorNext Compatibility Guide available online at: https://www.quantum.com/snsdocs. To ensure proper browser operation, all monitors must be set to display at a minimum resolution of 1024 x 768. If you use a pop-up blocker, enable pop-ups in order to ensure that StorNext displays properly. Internet Explorer 9 users, refer to Reports Menu Overview.

   Note: If the GUI menu items do not render correctly (they appear off-screen or are hidden), then expand the browser window height slightly.

2. In the browser's Address field, type the full address of the machine, and then press Enter. For example: https://<machine name>.
3. In the Username field, type admin and press Tab.
4. In the Password field, type password and click Login to start the StorNext components. The StorNext GUI launches. For information on changing your password or setting up additional users, see Tools > User Accounts.

StorNext Connect provides fast, easy, and comprehensive discovery, management, and monitoring of StorNext environments. After your system is installed and configured, you can log in to StorNext Connect to perform day-to-day monitoring and management of your StorNext environment.

To access StorNext Connect, click the StorNext Connect icon located in the upper right of the GUI page (to the left of the Home icon).

Note: If StorNext Connect is installed on your system, a new browser window is launched displaying the StorNext Connect login page. If StorNext Connect is not installed on your system, a new browser window is launched displaying an informational page about StorNext Connect.

For additional information, see the StorNext Connect Documentation Center.

Some Internet Explorer 9 default security settings could prevent StorNext from operating properly with this browser. Follow the procedure below to enable security options in Internet Explorer 9:

1. Launch Internet Explorer 9.

2. On the Tools menu, click Internet Options.

3. Click the Security Tab and then click Custom level....

4. Enable the following parameters in the ActiveX controls and plug-ins section:

   • Allow Scriptlets.
   • Only allow approved domains to use ActiveX without prompt.
   • Run ActiveX controls and plug-ins.
   • Script ActiveX controls marked save for scripting*.
   • Set Download signed ActiveX controls to Prompt.

5. Enable Display mixed content in the Miscellaneous section.

6. Click OK.

7. Click the Advanced tab and un-check Do not save encrypted pages to disk in the Security section.

8. Click OK.

9. Close Internet Explorer 9 and then restart the application.

StorNext provides two forms of online help: a searchable list of all available help topics, and context-appropriate help pages.

Access the Online Help List of Topics

To access the online Help system, click the Help icon (question mark)  located at the upper right corner of the page.

Context-sensitive Help

The StorNext interface also includes context-sensitive help. To view help pertaining specifically to the page currently displayed, click the blue question mark icon located on the upper right side of the page.

 

Note: This icon is different from the Help icon located in the upper right corner of the page, which displays the entire online help system instead of the context-sensitive help. If you need additional information or want to view a different help topic when the context-sensitive help window is open, click the hamburger icon (located on the upper left of the window) to display the Search, Home, and Contents pane.

On the StorNext home page you will find the following:

• Status and Capacity Monitors for file systems, libraries, storage disks, and tape drives
• Drop-down Menus: Configuration, Tools, Service, Reports and Help
• Current status indicators for the file system and Storage Manager

From any page you can return to the StorNext home page by clicking the Home (house) icon in the upper right corner of the page.

Beside the Home icon is a Question Mark (?) icon. Click ? to display the StorNext Online Help system. Context-senstive help is also available on most screens by clicking a second question mark icon located in the upper right side of the page.

Displayed in the upper right corner beneath the home and help icons is the user name or IP address of the StorNext user currently logged in.

The StorNext Home Page displays the following status and capacity monitors which are used to show the current state of the StorNext system:

• File Systems Capacity Monitor

• StorNext Overview

• Storage Disks Capacity Monitor

• Tape Drive Status and Licensed Capacity

• Object Storage I/O Paths and Used Licensed Capacity

Use these monitors to view current statistics of managed or unmanaged file systems and configured libraries and/or drives, including file system, library, and drive information. Each of the status monitors provides an at-a-glance view of the total number of components (file systems, libraries, storage disks, or tape drives) and the current state of the file system: green for normal, yellow for warning, and red for error.

The information shown in the monitors is refreshed periodically. You can specify the refresh rate by choosing the desired interval from the Refresh Rate list:

• No Refresh

• 30 seconds

• 1 minute

• 2 minutes

• 5 minutes

• 10 minutes

Note: The home page status and capacity monitors are intended to give you an approximate at-a-glance view of all the file systems, libraries, storage disks etc. on your system. For a detailed, more accurate summary of your system's components, click inside one of the Status or Capacity boxes to view all file system, libraries, storage disks, and so on.  (For example, click inside either the File Systems Stats or Capacity box to view all file systems.)

File Systems Capacity Monitor

The File Systems Capacity Monitor provides the following information:

• Total space for the file system

• A graphical representation of the free and used space amount

• The number of active StorNext SAN clients (connected via fibre channel or iSCSI) for which you are licensed

• The number of StorNext LAN Clients for which you are licensed. For more information about LAN Clients, see StorNext LAN Clients above.

• The number of store candidates, which are files selected for storage to secondary media.

  Note: The number is only displayed if a managed file system exists.

  Note: Click the tool-tip icon to display the breakdown across multiple managed file systems. The value is only displayed when the count is greater than one.

• The number of files that have been stored and meet the criteria to become a truncation candidate.

  Note: The number is only displayed if a managed file system exists.

  Note: Click the tool-tip icon to display the breakdown across multiple managed file systems. The value is only displayed when the count is greater than one. For performance reasons, the tool-tip displays an Estimated Truncation Candidate count, if there are more than one million candidates. If there are less than one million candidates, the actual value is displayed. You can configure the value of the estimate threshold by setting the SHOWC_TRUNC_ESTIMATE system parameter value. The larger the value, the longer it might take to determine the number of candidates.

• Current status: Error, Warning or Normal. "Error" indicates that the file system is down, whereas a Warning status indicates the usage of space in the file system is high.

Libraries Capacity Monitor

The Libraries Capacity Monitor provides the following information:

• Total space (in GiB) for the library.

  Note: This amount is an approximation if the library contains unformatted media.

• A graphical representation of the library's free and used space amount

• The amount (in GiB) and percentage (%) of used capacity of the library

  Note: The amounts are an approximation if the number of unformatted media is greater than zero.

• The number of mounted media
• The number of unformatted media
• The number of used slots
• The total number of slots

• The number of used vault slots

  Note: This value is only displayed if you have a Vaulting license installed on your appliance.

• The total number of vault slots

  Note: This value is only displayed if you have a Vaulting license installed on your appliance.

• Current status (Error, Warning or Normal)

  Note: "Error" indicates that the library is offline or in an unknown state, whereas a Warning status indicates the library is in an online or offline pending state, or unavailable because of maintenance.

Storage Disks Capacity Monitor

The Storage Disks Capacity Monitor provides the following information:

• Total number of storage disks

• A graphical representation of the free and used space amount

• Current status: Error, Warning or Normal. "Error" indicates that the storage disk is offline or in an unknown state, whereas a Warning status indicates the storage disk is in an online- or offline-pending state, or unavailable because of maintenance.

Tape Drive Status and Licensed Capacity

The Tape Drive Status and Licensed Capacity Monitor provides the following information:

• Total number of tape drives

• A graphical representation of the space for tape, storage disk, and object storage media

• Current status (Error, Warning or Normal)

Object Storage I/O Paths and Used Licensed Capacity

The Object Storage I/O Paths and Used Licensed Capacity Monitor provides the following information:

• Total number of configured Object Storage I/O Paths
• A graphical representation of the used capacity distribution across tape, storage disk, and object storage media
• A graphical representation of the current status
• Current status (Offline, Warning or Online)

The menu options located in the bar at the top of every page allow you to access StorNext setup, tools, service, and reporting options.

The StorNext home page contains these drop-down menus and menu options:

The Configuration Menu

The Configuration menu contains the following options that allow you to perform both initial and ongoing setup and configuration tasks for your StorNext system.

Option	Description
Configuration > Configuration Wizard	Launch the StorNext Configuration Wizard.
Configuration > Licenses	Enter or view license information for StorNext features.
Configuration > System	Manage the cluster network interfaces between HA nodes, NTP, DNS, hostnames, gateway, domain and set bonding options. Note: This option is only visible on StorNext M660, M440, M330, Pro Foundation, Artico Metadata Appliances, and Xcellis Workflow Director systems.
Configuration > Name Servers	Enter and set order for servers used for StorNext file systems.
File Systems Overview	Add a file system to your environment.
Storage Destinations Overview	Add a library or storage disk, or set up data replication and deduplication. Additionally, you can add Object Storage Destinations, or Q-Cloud Storage Destinations.
Storage Policies Overview	Add a storage policy to a file system.
Configuration > Email Server	Configure the email server to use for notifications.
Configuration > Email Notifications	Configure email notifications for Service Tickets, Admin Alerts, StorNext Backups, and Policy Class Alerts.

The Tools Menu

The Tools menu contains options to control day-to-day operations of StorNext.

Menu Item	Description
Tools > User Accounts	Control user access to StorNext tasks.
Tools > Client Download	Download SNFS client software.
Tools > Firmware Upgrade	Perform a firmware upgrade for your HA system. Note: This option is only visible on StorNext M660, M440, M330, Pro Foundation, Artico Metadata Appliances, and Xcellis Workflow Director systems.
Tools > Dynamic Application Environment	Displays the current status of your virtual machine environments.
Tools > System Control	Stop or start the file system or StorNext Storage Monitor, and specify whether to automatically start StorNext at system startup.
Tools > Object Storage Certificates	View, create, import, convert, download, and delete Object Storage certificates.
Tools > File and Directory Actions	Perform file-related and directory-related tasks on managed file systems such as storing and moving files, recovering and retrieving files and directories, and modifying file attributes.
Tools > Object Storage Buckets	Enables you to scan for, add new, and delete existing Object Storage buckets.
Tools > File Systems > Label Disks	Label disk drives.
Tools > File Systems > Check File System	Run a check on your file system before expanding the file system or migrating a stripe group.
Tools > File Systems > Affinities	Configure affinities for your file system.
Tools > File Systems > Migrate Data	Migrate the file system's stripe group(s).
Tools > File Systems > Stripe Group Actions	Manage the file system's stripe group(s).
Tools > File Systems > Truncation Parameters	Manage the file system's truncation parameters.
Tools > File Systems > Manage Quotas	The quota system provides a means for limiting the amount of disk storage consumed on a per user or per group basis across an entire file system or within a designated directory hierarchy.
Tools > Storage Manager > Storage Components	View current status for libraries, storage disks, and tape drives; place one or more of these components online or offline.
Tools > Storage Manager > Drive Pools	Add, modify, or delete drive pools.
Tools > Storage Manager > Media Actions	Remove media from a library or move media from one library to another.
Tools > Storage Manager > Media Manifests	Perform various actions on the storage media manifests in your library.
Tools > Storage Manager > Storage Exclusions	Specify types of file names to exclude from StorNext Storage Manager.
Tools > Storage Manager > Truncation Exclusions	Specify files or directories to exclude from the truncation process.
Tools > Storage Manager > Tape Consolidation	Enter parameters for automatically consolidating space on tape media.
Tools > Storage Manager > Library Operator Interface	Enter or eject media from the Library Operator Interface.
Tools > Storage Manager > Software Requests	View or cancel pending software requests.
Tools > Storage Manager > Scheduler	Schedule file system events including Clean Info, Clean Versions, Full Backup, Partial Backup, and Rebuild Policy.
Tools > Storage Manager > Alternate Store and Retrieval Location	Alternate Retrieval Location allows you to specify a remote retrieval location to use in situations where files stored on tape or a storage disk cannot be accessed. Alternate Store Location provides an automatic system for copying files from a main instance of StorNext to a remote instance of StorNext at the same time as copies are made to tertiary storage at the main site.
Tools > Storage Manager > Distributed Data Mover	Spread the distribution of data across several machines rather than the primary server.
Tools > Storage Manager > Drive Replacement	Allows you to update the drive serial number mappings.
Tools > Storage Manager > Client-side Encryption	Lists the master keys that can be used for client side encryption.
Tools > Storage Manager > System Parameters	Allows you to set and modify StorNext system parameters.
Tools > Storage Manager > Convert Database	Allows you to split a global datafile into separate files for each table.
Tools > Replication/Deduplication > Administration	View current replication process, or pause, resume, or stop replication.
Tools > Replication/Deduplication > Replication Targets	Add a host or directory for date replication, or edit existing replication targets.
Tools > Replication/Deduplication > Replication Bandwidth	Configure replication bandwidth limits and multi-link.
Tools > High Availability > Convert	Convert to a high availability configuration.
Tools > High Availability > Manage	Manage High Availability system parameters.

The Service Menu

The Service menu contains options to monitor and capture system status information.

Menu Option	Description
Service > Health Check	Perform one or more health checks on StorNext and view recent health check results.
Service > Capture State	Obtain and preserve detailed information about the current StorNext system state.
Service > Capture State and Capture DSET	Obtain and preserve detailed information about the current StorNext system state. Note: The information in this section is applicable for releases up to StorNext 5 release 5.3.x (in other words, prior to StorNext 6). Refer to Service > Capture State for the new information. Note: This option is only visible on StorNext M660, M440, M330, Pro Foundation, Artico Metadata Appliances, and Xcellis Workflow Director systems.
Service > System Backup	Run a backup of StorNext software.
Service > Admin Alerts	View informational messages about system activities.
Service > Tickets	View, edit, or close service tickets generated for the system.
Service > Logging	Enables robust debugging mode for advanced tracing.
Service > Web Services (V2)	Specify your encryption and authentication options.

The Reports Menu

The Reports menu contains options to view StorNext reports.

Menu Option	Description
Reports > Logs	Access logs of StorNext operations.
Reports > Jobs	View a list of pending and completed jobs on the system.
Reports > Files	View information about specific files, such as the owner, group, policy class, permissions, and copy information.
Reports > Drives	View information about the drives in your libraries, including the serial number and current state and status.
Reports > Media	View information pertaining to the media in selected libraries or all libraries, including the media ID, type and class, as well as the number of files and the last access date and time.
Reports > Q-Cloud Object Storage Media Usage	View the usage report for Q-Cloud object store media.
Reports > Relations	View the names of the policy classes which correspond to the managed directories in your system.
Reports > File Systems	View file system statistics including active clients, space, size, disks, and stripe groups.
Reports > SAN Devices	View information about devices currently attached to your SAN, including disks/LUNs, libraries, and tape drives.
Reports > Tape Consolidation	View statistics on the tape consolidation (defragmenting) process.
Reports > SAN and LAN Clients	View statistics for StorNext clients, including the number of connected clients and LAN Clients, and client performance.
Reports > LAN Client Performance	View information about LAN Clients and servers, including read and write speed.
Reports > Replication/Deduplication > Policy Activity	View replication and deduplication performance statistics.
Reports > Replication/Deduplication > Policy Summary	View replication and deduplication information for each policy.
Reports > Hardware Status	View up-to-date information about the system board and network ports for both nodes in your HA system, plus storage arrays. Note: This option is only visible on StorNext M660, M440, M330, Pro Foundation, Artico Metadata Appliances, and Xcellis Workflow Director systems.
Reports > Data Movement	View activity related to the Distributed Data Mover feature.
Reports > Gateway Metrics	View information and activity related to your gateways, clients, and file systems.
Reports > StorNext Metrics	View information and activity related to StorNext Metrics. The StorNext Metrics reports provide performance data logging and visual reporting and graphing features for StorNext systems. The StorNext Metrics reports are a visual reporting tool that combines comprehensive performance data logging with powerful visual reporting and analysis tools to help you identify potential problems and optimize system operations.

The Help Menu

The Help menu contains the following options to access StorNext documentation, find Quantum contact information, or detailed information about this version of StorNext.

Documentation

On the Help menu, click Documentation to open a browser window and display the Quantum Documentation Portal.

Support

On the Help menu, click Support. The StorNext Support page appears. The StorNext Support page includes the following information:

Label	Description
Company	Displays a hyperlink to the Quantum Corporation company web site. Click Quantum Corporation to open the company web site.
Technical Assistance	Displays telephone numbers for technical support around the world. Click Quantum Technical Assistance Center to open the Quantum Technical Support web site.

About

The Help > About page displays various tabs, which display information about StorNext components. Depending on your configuration, the Help > About page displays the following tabs:

• Software

• Gateways

• Firmware

Access the Help > About Page

1. On the Help menu, click About. The StorNext Help > About page appears.
2. (Optional) Click Refresh to update the Help > About page.

Software

The Software tab displays the following information about StorNext:

 

Component	Description
StorNext	The StorNext version and build number.
User Interface	The graphical user interface version and build numbers.
Database	The database version number.
Perl	The Perl programming language version and build number.
Tomcat	The Apache Tomcat version and build number.
File System Server	The version and build number of the file system server you are running.
File System Client	The version and build number of the file system client you are running.
Library Manager	The Library Manager version and build numbers.
Policy Manager	The Storage Policy Manager version and build numbers.
Serial Number	The StorNext serial number.
Operating System	The operating system.
Patents	Display Quantum Corporation patents.

Gateways

The Gateways tab displays information of each gateway connected to the metadata controller (MDC).

 

Component	Description
Server	The Gateway IP address.
System Serial Number	If known, the gateway system serial number.
StorNext Serial Number	The StorNext software serial number running on the gateway, if specified in the license strings (optional).
File System Server Version	The StorNext software file system version running on the gateway.
Gateway License	Displays whether the gateway license is installed on gateway. Yes: Signifies the gateway is running in unlimited LAN client connections mode available on certain gateways. No: Signifies the gateway client connections are limited to the number of licensed LAN client connections on the Gateway.

Firmware

The Firmware tab displays the firmware levels for various hardware components in the system.

This information is mostly for support purposes, if debugging a problem on a system.

Check StorNext System Status

StorNext provides System Status icons at the top of each page which provide at-a-glance status information and also allow you to access a more detailed page:

• File System and Storage Manager: Click either File System or Storage Manager to start StorNext File System and/or StorNext Storage Manager. On this page you can also reset the database connection or specify whether you want StorNext to start automatically upon system startup.
• Admin Alerts: Click Admin Alerts to view informational messages about system activities you might want to be aware of. The Service > Admin Alerts page appears. Admin Alerts are not necessarily an error condition. For example, issues related to the Distributed Data Mover feature generate Admin Alerts. Admin Alerts typically do not require you take action.
• Tickets: Click Tickets to view a list of tickets indicating faults reported by the system. The Service > Tickets page appears. You can view tickets according to Open or Closed status, or view all tickets.
  • On the Service > System Status page you can do any of the following:
    • View a specific ticket by selecting the desired ticket and then clicking the View button
    • Enter an analysis for a ticket by selecting the desired ticket and then clicking the Edit button
    • Refresh (update) the list by clicking the Refresh button
    • Close an individual ticket by selecting the desired ticket and then clicking the Close button
    • Close all tickets by clicking the Close All button

Note: The Tickets icon appears only when there are open service tickets.

• Root FS: The Root FS icon appears if the monitored root partition space and/or the inode usage exceeds the thresholds listed below.

  Root FS Thresholds

  • A red icon appears if the usage is greater than or equal to 95 percent.
  • A yellow icon appears if the usage is greater than or equal 90 percent and less than 95 percent.
  • An icon does not appear if the usage is less than 90 percent.

  Click Root FS to display the usage details and any pertinent information, if an action is required to remedy a problem.

  Note: Only the local file systems are monitored. By default, the root partition space and the inode usage is checked every ten minutes. On HA systems, the root partition space and the inode usage is checked on both nodes if the peer is configured and reachable.

Explanation of Symbols and Notes

Throughout the online help, the following symbols indicate important information.

Symbol / Description	Definition	Consequence
WARNING:	Advises you to take or avoid a specified action. Failure to take or avoid this action could result in physical harm to the user or hardware.	Failure to take or avoid this action could result in physical harm to the user or hardware.
Caution:	Advises you to take or avoid a specified action. Failure to take or avoid this action could result in loss of data.	Failure to take or avoid this action could result in loss of data.
Note:	Indicates important information that helps you make better use of the software. No hazardous or damaging consequences.	No hazardous or damaging consequences.